A casement window is a type of window that is attached to a frame by hinges on one side and opens outward. The hinge is a crucial component of the casement window as it allows for the window to be attached to the frame and swing outward, providing easy access for ventilation and cleaning. The frame can be divided into smaller sections called muntins, which can be made of the same or different materials as the frame. The window is operated with a crank handle that controls a mechanism that opens and closes the window. Casement windows are energy efficient, offer unobstructed views, and are easy to clean due to their ability to swing outward. They are a popular choice for traditional and modern homes.